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目的调查研究太原市中心常见气传花粉的种类、含量、花粉飘散消长规律及分布特点与其影响因素。方法采用叶氏重力沉降法调查该地区2011年7月1日-2012年6月30日空气中花粉的种类和含量;将其调查结果与1977-1978年度花粉调查数据进行对比分析,同时将取样器分别安放于四面通风的4、7、17层楼顶,对比观察不同楼层的秋季气传致敏花粉含量。结果本次调查共收集该地区空气中飘散花粉16999粒,全年气传花粉出现2次飘散高峰期,分别在3-5月份和8-9月份,新增气传花粉12种;2011-2012调查年度4种致敏花粉含量占全年花粉总量的74.12%,蒿属花粉为优势气传致敏花粉(39.47%)较77-78年(26.20%)明显增加。杨属、柳属花粉全年百分比含量较35年前明显降低。秋季研究结果提示按花粉含量多少排序:4层(12米)>7层(21米)>17层(51米);4、7层花粉种类相同,17层花粉种类减少。结论春季气传花粉较35年前高峰出现早、持续时间长。杨属、柳属花粉全年百分比含量较35年前明显降低。17层(51米)的花粉含量、种类较4层、7层明显减少。
Objective To investigate the types and contents of common airborne pollens in the downtown of Taiyuan, the rules and distribution characteristics of pollen floating and its influencing factors. Methods The species and content of pollen in the air from July 1, 2011 to June 30, 2012 in the area were investigated by using the method of Gravity sedimentation. The results of pollen survey were compared with the pollen survey data from 1977 to 1978. At the same time, Were placed on the four sides ventilated 4, 7, 17-story roof, contrast observation of different layers of autumn airborne sensitized pollen content. Results A total of 16999 pollen grains were released in the air in this survey. There were two peaks of airborne pollen during the whole year, with 12 species of newly added pollen being polluted in March-May and August-September respectively. 2011-2012 In the survey year, the four kinds of sensitized pollen accounted for 74.12% of the total pollens in the whole year. The dominant pollen (39.47%) polluted by Artemisia pollen was significantly increased compared with that of 77-78 years (26.20%). Populus, Salix pollen throughout the year the percentage was significantly lower than 35 years ago. The results of the autumn research suggest that the pollen content of the order: 4 (12 m)> 7 (21 m)> 17 (51 m); Conclusion The spring air pollen appeared earlier than the peak of 35 years ago and lasted for a long time. Populus, Salix pollen throughout the year the percentage was significantly lower than 35 years ago. Pollen content in the 17th (51 meters) range was significantly lower than that in the 4th and 7th layers.