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用“收获指数”这一概念来测定三叶橡胶生产力,迄今尚未得到普遍应用。本文试图得到三叶橡胶属中不同的种,一系列巴西橡胶无性系,以及一个特高产的Ⅰ级无性系收获指数的比较值。还讨论了与产量相关,亦即最终与收获指数相关的一些生理和结构参数。 研究清楚表明,在三叶橡胶树属的各个种中,巴西橡胶的收获指数最高;其实生树群体中,各个体的收获指数也不一样,无性系之间和年份之间,收获指数的差异很明显,树龄的差异也很明显。胶树间的竞争以及胶树体内的同化分配和竞争生理损耗,也影响到胶树的生长,从而也是影响生产力的因素。可以认为,光合能的效率是有差异的,因特别受到无性系性状,树龄或许还有其它生理参数,包括树间竞争等的影响。显然,由于水份输送和乳管系统的生物合成能力的差异等引起的生理损耗的差异性,也可能影响这些生理参数。割胶过程也会影响损耗行为及其效率。 因此,收获指数概念的这些特性,不仅在无性系比较时很有用,而且在测定无性系对割胶过程和对其它环境因素的敏感性时也很有用。
The determination of clover productivity using the concept of “harvest index” has so far not been applied universally. This article attempts to obtain a comparison of the harvest index of different species of the genus Trifolium, a series of Brazilian rubber clones, and a very high-grade clonal clones. Also discussed are some physiological and structural parameters that are related to yield, which is ultimately related to the harvest index. The study clearly shows that in all species of the genus Trifolium, Brazil rubber harvest index highest; in fact, the tree group, the individual harvest index is not the same, between clones and the year, the difference is very significant harvest index Obviously, the difference in age is also obvious. The competition among the gum trees and the assimilation distribution and competition physiological loss in the gum tree also affect the growth of the gum tree and thus the factors that affect the productivity. It can be considered that the efficiency of photosynthesis varies because of the climatic traits, age, and perhaps other physiological parameters, including the effects of inter-tree competition. Obviously, these physiological parameters may also be affected by differences in physiological losses due to differences in water transport and biosynthesis of the mammary duct system. The tapping process also affects the loss behavior and its efficiency. Therefore, these characteristics of the harvest index concept are useful not only for comparison of clones, but also for determining the sensitivity of clones to the tapping process and to other environmental factors.