1 引言 新的世纪、新的一年来临，也迎来了第十个五年计划的开始。回顾“九五”航天事业取得的巨大成就，就五院来看，“九五”期间所有的发射型号都取得了成功，尤其是“神舟一号”试验飞船发射及返回成功，使我国跻身于世界载人航天竞争序列，也极大地鼓舞了中华民族的自信心 1 Introduction The advent of the new century and the new year has ushered in the beginning of the tenth five-year plan. Recalling the tremendous achievements made by the “Ninth Five-Year Plan” space industry, from the perspective of the five schools, all the launch models during the Ninth Five-Year Plan have achieved success, especially the successful launch and return of the “Shenzhou I” experimental spacecraft. The world’s manned space competition has also greatly encouraged the Chinese nation’s self-confidence.