近代中国在历经两次鸦片战争、中日甲午战争的惨败与戊戌变法流产之后,民族危机日益严重。19世纪初发端的“西学东渐”刺激了晚明萌芽的资本主义因素的剧增,在广设工厂、企业的同时,官营、民营出版机构如雨后春笋,相继出现。各出版机构陆续采用新式印刷技术和设备,印刷出版的生产 In modern China, after two Opium Wars, the fiasco of Sino-Japanese-Sino-Japanese War and the abortion of the Reform Movement of 1898, the ethnic crisis became increasingly serious. The beginning of Western China in the early 19th century stimulated the sharp increase of the capitalist elements sprouting in the late Ming Dynasty. While establishing factories and enterprises, official publishing houses and private publishing houses sprang up one after another. Various publishing agencies have adopted the new printing technology and equipment, printing and publishing production