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本文介绍了过去五十年美国电子束焊接历程材料加工首次采用电子束(EB)始于20世纪初,用于在真空条件下熔化耐火材料。此后,随着电子束两个主要支撑技术(真空工程及电子光学)水平的提高,应用电子束加工其它类型的材料逐步增加,电子束技术不断进步与成熟。目前电子束的应用见附表,从附表中可以看出,电子束应用范围从低功率密度(窄,表层型)到高功率密度(深,渗入型)的变化过程。
This article describes the first 50 years of electron beam welding material processing in the US for the last 50 years. Electron Beam (EB) began in the early 1900s to melt refractory materials under vacuum. Since then, as the two main supporting technologies (vacuum engineering and electro-optics) of electron beams have increased in level, other types of materials used for electron beam machining have been gradually increasing and electron beam technology has been progressing and maturing. At present, the application of electron beam is shown in the attached table. It can be seen from the table that the application range of electron beam changes from low power density (narrow and superficial) to high power density (deep and infiltration).