目的探讨2,4-二硝基苯甲醚(DNAN)对SD大鼠的亚急性毒作用,为职业接触人群的健康评价提供基础资料。方法40只SPF级SD大鼠按体质量随机分为4组,每组10只,雌雄各半。低(5.50mg/kg)、中(11.00mg/kg)、高(22.00mg/kg)3个剂量组分别给予4%淀粉悬液配制的DNAN悬液,对照组给予中剂量组等体积淀粉溶液,均经口灌胃染毒,连续28d。试验结束前使用代谢笼取尿,测尿生化。实验结束后经腹主动脉取血做血液生化检测,摘取主要脏器称量脏器质量,并制备切片经HE染色后观察病理改变,并对结果进行统计分析。结果体质量呈现均匀上升;食物利用率随染毒剂量的增加有降低趋势,但与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与对照组比较,染毒组肺、脾脏、附睾脏器系数升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且呈现一定的剂量依赖趋势;肝脏器系数雄性组间无差异,雌性升高,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中性粒细胞数、淋巴细胞数随DNAN剂量增加而升高,高剂量组中性粒细胞数与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);染毒组钾、离子钙、总钙值与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但无剂量-反应关系。中、高剂量组肾间质和睾丸间质轻度水肿,精细胞轻度萎缩,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论DNAN对大鼠的肝,肺,脾脏,肾脏,附睾具有一定的损伤作用。 Objective To investigate the subacute toxic effects of 2,4-dinitro anisole (DNAN) on SD rats and provide the basic information for the health evaluation of occupationally exposed population. Methods Forty Sprague-Dawley (SD) SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups according to their body weight. Each group consisted of 10 male and female SD rats. The DNAN suspension of 4% starch suspension was given to the three dose groups (low (5.50mg / kg), medium (11.00mg / kg) and high (22.00mg / , Were oral gavage, continuous 28d. Before the end of the experiment using metabolic cage to take urine, urine biochemistry. At the end of the experiment, blood was taken from the abdominal aorta for blood biochemical detection. The quality of vital organs was extracted and the histopathological changes were observed by HE staining. The results were statistically analyzed. Results The body weight showed an even increase. The food utilization rate decreased with the increase of the dose, but there was no significant difference compared with the control group (P> 0.05). Compared with the control group, the organ coefficient of lung, spleen and epididymis in the treatment group increased significantly (P <0.05), and showed a dose-dependent trend; the coefficient of liver coefficient was no difference between male and female , Compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The number of neutrophils and lymphocytes increased with the increase of DNAN dose. The number of neutrophils in high dose group was significantly higher than that in control group (P <0.01) Calcium values ​​compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05), but no dose-response relationship. Mild interstitial and interstitial edema of the middle and high dose groups, mild sperm cell atrophy, compared with the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion DNAN can damage the liver, lung, spleen, kidney and epididymis of rats.