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目的 研究恶性疟病例,为进一步开展恶性疟防治工作提供依据。方法 对1989~2003年1 140名外出海南做工回归人员进行疟疾患病情况调查。结果 疟疾患病率为54. 04%,疟原虫阳性率为14. 39%,其中恶性疟原虫阳性率为12. 19%,占阳性总数的84. 76%。观察16例恶性疟原虫无性体带虫者和18例输入性恶性疟病人,对氯喹均呈现抗药性。经过15年来对疫点和疫区全民抗复发治疗、外出回归人员药物根治,以及连续3年“DDT”室内滞留喷洒和6年溴(氯)氰菊脂浸泡蚊帐灭蚊,控制了输入性恶性疟传播蔓延。结论 加强健康教育,支持流动人口自我保护,是控制输入性恶性疟的关键。要继续加强易感人群,特别是流动人群及媒介的监测。发现问题,及时妥善处理。
Objective To study the cases of falciparum malaria and provide evidence for the further prevention and control of falciparum malaria. Methods A total of 1 140 migrant workers returning from Hainan from 1989 to 2003 were investigated for malaria prevalence. Results The prevalence of malaria was 54. 04%, the positive rate of malaria parasite was 14. 39%, of which the positive rate of P. falciparum was 12. 19%, accounting for 84.76% of the total. 16 cases of falciparum falciparum and 10 cases of imported falciparum malaria were observed, showing resistance to chloroquine. After 15 years of anti-relapse treatment of outbreaks and epidemic areas, out-patient drug cure, as well as three consecutive years of “DDT” indoor retention spraying and 6-year bromine (chloro) Malaria spread. Conclusion Strengthening health education and supporting the self-protection of floating population are the keys to control imported falciparum malaria. It is necessary to continue to strengthen the monitoring of susceptible people, especially migrants and the media. Identify the problem, timely and properly handle.