一、炼钢生产技术的发展世界总产钢量自1974年达到年产七亿吨,近十年来一直徘徊不前,在七亿吨上下波动,这是钢铁市场需求达到饱和的特征。而自1979年以来,发达国家产钢量连续下降,尤以北美和西欧各国最甚(图1A)。与此同时,许多发展中国家钢产量持续上升(图1B)。我国年产钢量现已达四千万吨以上,按总产钢量计,已排在世界第四位。但按人口平均产钢量尚不到 First, the development of steelmaking technology The world total output of steel from 1974 to achieve an annual output of 700 million tons, nearly ten years has been stagnant, fluctuating 700 million tons, which is the steel market demand to achieve the characteristics of saturation. Since 1979, the steel output in developed countries has been declining continuously, especially in North America and Western Europe (Figure 1A). At the same time, steel production in many developing countries continued to rise (Figure 1B). China’s annual output of steel has now reached 40 million tons, according to the total output of steel, has been ranked fourth in the world. However, the average output of steel by the population is not yet reached