对于人类冠心病发病率及病理生理过程的性别差异,传统地归因于雌激素的保护作用。但近年来临床及流行病学资料表明,口服避孕药的妇女,冠心病发病率明显增高;长期应用雌激素的男性,冠心病发病率亦显著增高;有心肌梗塞(MI)病史的男、女患者接受雌激素治疗后,MI的复发率及病死率均显著升高;一些青年男性仅因高雌激素血症而发 The gender difference in the incidence of human coronary heart disease and pathophysiological processes has traditionally been attributed to the protective effect of estrogen. However, in recent years, clinical and epidemiological data show that the incidence of coronary heart disease is significantly higher in women taking oral contraceptives; the incidence of coronary heart disease is also significantly higher in men with long-term use of estrogen; male and female patients with a history of myocardial infarction (MI) After the patient received estrogen therapy, the recurrence rate and mortality of MI increased significantly; some young men developed only due to high estrogenemia.