目的研究癫疒间患者听觉事件相关电位(P300)的变化及其影响因素。方法原发性癫疒间患者66例(癫疒间组),健康人59例(对照组)。肌电图诱发电位仪测定两组P300波群各成分(N1、P2、N2、P3)潜伏期和波幅、反应时。结果癫疒间组P300波群N1波幅降低,P2、N2、P3潜伏期延长(P<0.05);病程、发病年龄进入P3潜伏期的Logistic回归方程(OR值分别为1.129,0.898)。结论癫疒间患者除有较高水平的认知功能异常,还有警觉、选择、注意的障碍;病程长、发病年龄小是癫疒间患者P3潜伏期延长的危险因素。 Objective To study the changes of P300 and its influencing factors in patients with epilepsy. Methods 66 patients with primary epilepsy (epilepsy group), 59 healthy people (control group). EMG-induced potentials were used to measure the latency and amplitude of each component (N1, P2, N2, P3) of the P300 wave group in the two groups. Results The amplitude of N1 of P300 wave group in epileptic group was decreased, while the latency of P2, N2 and P3 was prolonged (P <0.05). Logistic regression equation of disease duration and age of onset was P3 latency (OR = 1.129,0.898, respectively). Conclusion In addition to a higher level of cognitive dysfunction in patients with epilepsy, there are vigilance, selection, attention disorders; long course of disease, age of onset is a small risk of P3 latency in patients with epilepsy.