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我科近3年收治老年人食管异物51例,占同期食管异物总数的53%。男21例,女30例。年龄60～95岁。异物位于食管上段31例,中段12例,下段3例。部位不详5例。动物类异物(鱼骨、鸡骨等)47例,其它(枣核、义齿等)4例。同一患者多发异物1例。引起食道异物因素有:进食过快:喝含异物汤水,老年人口腔感觉迟纯,牙齿脱落不全,咀嚼不力:配戴不合适义齿;肿瘤等。依据症状和体征,诊断不难,症状常与异物性质,病程、个体耐受性有关。本病食管钡透常可作出判断,本组经透视阳性38例,阴性13例。钡透阳性可确诊,而钡透阴性则不能完全排除异物的存在,需结合临床诊断。
In recent 3 years, our department has received 51 cases of esophageal foreign bodies in the elderly, accounting for 53% of the total number of esophageal foreign bodies in the same period. There were 21 males and 30 females. Age 60 to 95 years old. Foreign body located in the upper esophagus in 31 cases, the middle 12 cases, the lower 3 cases. Location unknown 5 cases. 47 cases of animal foreign bodies (fish bone, chicken bone, etc.), 4 cases of other (date core, denture, etc.). One case of multiple foreign body in the same patient. Causes of esophageal foreign body factors are: eating too fast: drink foreign body containing soup, the elderly oral pure feeling, incomplete loss of teeth, chewing ineffective: wearing inappropriate dentures; tumors. According to the symptoms and signs, the diagnosis is not difficult, the symptoms often associated with foreign body properties, duration, individual tolerance. The disease esophageal barium can often make judgments, the group of 38 cases by positive fluoroscopy, negative in 13 cases. Barium-positive can be diagnosed, while the barium-negative can not completely rule out the existence of foreign bodies, combined with clinical diagnosis.