当外科病人感染的细菌谱在变化时,一些伺机生长的微生物已逐渐成为术后并发症的重要因素。其中,真菌感染的发生率不断增加,并已成为移植受体、某些恶性肿瘤病人、免疫防御机制受损和衰弱病人的主要发病和死亡的原因。促发因素有类固醇、抗淋巴细胞血清、多种抗肿瘤药物、高价静脉营养、广谱抗菌素、移植物以及代用品等的应用。作者复习了近来对真菌治疗的一些进展。 When the spectrum of bacterial infections in surgical patients is changing, some opportunistic microorganisms have gradually become an important contributor to postoperative complications. Among them, the incidence of fungal infections continues to increase and has become the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in transplant recipients, certain malignant tumor patients, impaired immune defense mechanisms and debilitating patients. Proventive factors are steroids, anti-lymphocyte serum, a variety of anti-tumor drugs, high-priced intravenous nutrition, broad-spectrum antibiotics, graft and substitute applications. The authors review some of the recent advances in fungal treatment.