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甘肃省酒泉地区昌马北干渠初建于1957年秋。土渠,由浆砌石陡坡连接纵坡,全长18.56km,渠道走向由南向北,设计流量7.5m~3/s。数年后全遭冻胀破坏,于1964年改建时取消了陡坡,改为混凝土衬砌渠道。渠段范围内,最低气温-28.3℃,11月上旬开始稳定冻结,翌年4月中旬解冻,最大冻深1.5m,一般年份为0.9—1.2m。渠基为粉质粘土或粘土,沿组线变化较大,个别段有黄色细砂夹层。地下水埋深随季节而变化在1.3m至3m。改建衬砌时,相应提高渠底,设置排水系统,换填不等厚度的砾石垫层,并加密纵横向沥青油毡伸缩缝等措施,投产使用20年,目前有820m冻害严重,560m变形较大,580m冻胀轻微,断面基本完好。
Changma North Canal in Jiuquan, Gansu Province was first built in the autumn of 1957. The earth canal is connected with the longitudinal slope by the mortar and stone steep slope, with a total length of 18.56km. The canal runs from south to north with a designed flow rate of 7.5m ~ 3 / s. A few years later, it was all destroyed by frost heaving. When it was rebuilt in 1964, the steep slope was canceled and replaced by a concrete lining channel. Within the drainage area, the lowest temperature - 28.3 ℃, began to freeze steadily in early November and thawed in mid-April the following year. The maximum deep freezing depth was 1.5m and the general year was 0.9-1.2m. Ditch foundation for the silty clay or clay, along the large changes in the line, individual sections of yellow fine sand interlayer. Groundwater depth varies with seasons in 1.3m to 3m. In the process of rebuilding the lining, the drainage system should be set up to replace the gravel cushion of unequal thickness and the longitudinal and transverse asphalt felt expansion joints should be set up. After 20 years of operation, there are currently 820m frost damage and 560m deformation, 580m frost heaving slightly, the section is basically intact.