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以2份普通番茄、3份多毛番茄、1份潘那利番茄和2份醋栗番茄为试验材料,采用离体叶片接B型烟粉虱的方法,以番茄叶背表面虫卵量作为抗性鉴定指标,进行抗虫性鉴定;利用扫描电子显微镜观察番茄叶表腺毛形态,解剖镜计数叶片背面不同类型腺毛密度;利用GC–MS分析叶表次生代谢物质种类和相对含量;使用SAS V8进行方差分析(ANOVA)和多个变量间的简单相关性分析。抗虫性鉴定发现3份多毛番茄‘LA2329’、‘LA1777’、‘PI134417’和潘那利番茄‘LA0716’具有稳定的抗虫性,醋栗番茄‘TO937’随植株生长抗性相对增强,普通番茄‘9706’、‘LA3556’和醋栗番茄‘PI126933’不具有抗虫性。番茄叶表腺毛类型和密度分析显示:抗虫的3份多毛番茄叶表主要为有腺体的Ⅳ型和Ⅵ型腺毛,二者密度分别介于8.0~15.4和4.7~19.5个·mm~(-2);抗虫的潘那利番茄‘LA0716’和醋栗番茄‘TO937’叶表主要为有腺体的Ⅳ型腺毛,密度分别为15.4和6.7个·mm~(-2);不抗虫的普通番茄‘9706’、‘LA3556’和醋栗番茄‘PI126933’叶表主要为无腺体Ⅴ型腺毛,密度介于3.6~10.6个·mm~(-2),有腺体的Ⅳ型和Ⅵ型腺毛密度显著低于5份抗虫番茄材料,分别介于0~1.5和2.3~4.1个·mm~(-2)。番茄叶表次生代谢物质种类和含量分析显示:3份多毛番茄叶表萜类物质含量显著高于其他番茄材料;甲基酮类物质仅存在于多毛番茄‘PI134417’中;叶表蜡质含量在抗虫和感虫番茄材料间无显著差异。多个变量间的简单相关性分析显示:番茄叶表有腺体的Ⅳ型腺毛密度和萜类物质含量与叶表烟粉虱虫卵量负相关;无腺体腺毛密度与虫卵量显著正相关;有腺体的Ⅵ型腺毛密度与叶表萜类物质含量正相关,与虫卵量无相关性;叶表蜡质与8 h虫卵量负相关,与24 h虫卵量无相关性。叶表Ⅳ型腺毛密度和萜类物质含量可作为抗烟粉虱鉴定指标。烟粉虱倾向于在Ⅴ型腺毛浓密的番茄材料上产卵,抗烟粉虱育种时应注意剔除Ⅴ型腺毛密度较高的植株。Ⅵ型腺毛密度对烟粉虱无直接抗性,其主要是通过其产生的萜类物质发挥抗性。叶表蜡质短期内可以发挥一定抗性,无长效性。
Two common tomatoes, three hirsutum tomatoes, one pizza tomato and two cucumber tomatoes were used as test materials. The detached leaves were used to inoculate B. tabaci B with B. tabaci B Identification of insect resistance, identification of insect resistance; Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the morphology of tomato glandular trichomes; gonad density was counted on the back of leaves by dissecting microscope; GC-MS was used to analyze the species and relative content of secondary metabolites on leaves; SAS V8 performs an analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a simple correlation between multiple variables. Resistance to insect pests showed that the resistance of three tomato cultivars ’LA2329’, ’LA1777’, ’PI134417’ and Penalacea ’LA0716’ was stable. The resistance of ’TO937’ Tomato ’9706’, ’LA3556’ and gooseberry tomato ’PI126933’ do not have insect resistance. The analysis of leaf glandularity and density in tomato leaves showed that the three insect-resistant hirsutum leaves mainly had type IV and type VI glandular gland, with the densities ranging from 8.0 to 15.4 and 4.7 to 19.5 · mm ~ (-2). The insect-resistant PANalytical tomato ’LA0716’ and the gooseberry tomato ’TO937’ showed mainly glandular glandular trichomes with densities of 15.4 and 6.7 · mm ~ (-2) ; The non-insect resistant common tomato ’9706’, ’LA3556’ and the gooseberry tomato ’PI126933’ showed mainly no glandular Ⅴ glandular trichomes with densities of 3.6-10.6 · mm -2 The body densities of type Ⅳ and type Ⅵ gland were significantly lower than those of five insect - resistant tomato materials, ranging from 0 to 1.5 and from 2.3 to 4.1 · mm ~ (-2), respectively. The analysis of the types and contents of secondary metabolites in tomato leaves showed that the contents of terpenoids in the leaves of three hirsutum cultivars were significantly higher than those in other tomato cultivars. Methylketones were only found in the polyploid tomato PI134417. There was no significant difference between insect-resistant and susceptible tomato materials. Simple correlation analysis among multiple variables showed that the type IV glandular density and the terpenoid content in the leaves of the tomato leaves were negatively correlated with the amount of eggs of B. tabaci; There was a positive correlation between Ⅵ gland density and the content of terpenoids in leaf surface but no correlation with the amount of eggs. No correlation. Leaf type Ⅳ glandular hair density and terpenoid content can be used as anti-biotype whitefly identification indicators. Bemisia tabaci tend to spawn on Ⅴ glandular hairs thick tomato material, and Ⅴ plants with higher glandular density should be excluded when breeding against B. tabaci. The Ⅵ glandular density has no direct resistance to B. tabaci, mainly due to its terpenoid resistance. Leaf wax in the short term can play a certain resistance, no long-acting.