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随着老年期的到来,生理上出现各种衰退变化,如性激素、甲状腺素分泌减少,或身体各激素之间调节失衡:器官功能减退,体力明显下降等等。同时可能出现各种病理变化,较多见的如脑动脉硬化、高血压、冠心病及脑供血不足等。离退休后从工作岗位上回到家里,心理上会出现空虚、寂寞感。相当一部分老年人的性格发生极明显的逆性变化。这类精神上、心理上的变异,会给老人生活增添阴影,也是脑溢血、脑血栓、心肌梗死的诱发因素,所以必须加强对老年人的精神和心理方面的护理。
With the advent of old age, various physiological changes occur, such as sex hormones, thyroid hormone secretion decreased, or the regulation of the imbalance between the various hormones: organ dysfunction, physical decline and so on. At the same time there may be a variety of pathological changes, more common, such as cerebral arteriosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease and cerebral insufficiency. Retired from the post back home, psychologically there will be empty, lonely feeling. A considerable part of the elderly’s personality occurs a very significant reversal of change. Such mental and psychological variations will add to the shadow of the elderly life, but also stroke, cerebral thrombosis, myocardial infarction induced factors, it is necessary to strengthen the mental and psychological care of the elderly.