论文部分内容阅读
被害人国家补偿(或被害人补偿)是指被害人在遭受犯罪行为侵害后,因国家司法机关始终没有找到罪犯或者罪犯无力赔偿被害人损失等情况,而由国家对被害人予以一定金钱或物质的行为。美国是较早建立现代被害人补偿制度的国家之一,自1965年加利福尼亚州在美国率先建立被害人初偿制度后,经过近40年的发展,由州补偿计划对暴力犯罪的被害人进行补偿已经成为美国人价值观念的一部分。可以说, 美国的补偿计划每天都在做着为被害人提供正义的工作,它们通过为被害人提供经济补偿,不仅使被害人得到有效恢复, 而且也提升了美国人的价值理念。现在,美国每年补偿的被害人数已愈20万人,2004年各州补偿金预算总额为6.25亿美元。被害人被偿制度正在美国蓬勃兴起并逐步走向成熟。
The state compensation of the victim (or compensation of the victim) means that the victim shall be given certain monetary or material acts by the state after the victim has been subjected to the criminal act, because the national judicial authority has never found the criminal or the criminals are unable to compensate the victim for losses and so on. The United States was one of the countries where the modern victim compensation system was established earlier. Since California established the initial compensation system for victims in the United States in 1965, after nearly 40 years of development, the state compensation plan to compensate victims of violent crime has become the United States Part of human values. It can be said that the U.S. compensation plan is doing daily work of providing justice to victims. They not only help victims recover effectively, but also promote Americans’ values by providing them with financial compensation. Now that the U.S. has compensated more than 200,000 victims each year, the 2004 state compensation budget totaled 625 million U.S. dollars. Victim compensation is being booming in the United States and gradually maturing.