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自1987年安徽含山县长岗乡凌家滩新石器时代墓葬(87M4)出土雕刻玉版及包裹该玉版之玉龟甲以来,不少学者对其形制及雕刻内容作了深入、细致的研究,其与古代天文历法、易学相关的认识在学界基本上形成共识,但已有研究和理解尚未完全揭示其科学文化内涵或寓意。本文认为玉版及玉龟甲是一个整体构思且精心设计、制作的作品,它承载了极其丰富的文化内涵,可能包括了河图洛书、八卦六十四卦、十月太阳历、二十八宿、十二月二十四节气、十九年七闰、天圆地方、北斗崇拜、冬夏至太阳出没方位等在内,而且此种理解和释读得到多学科、多种角度的支持与佐证,也得到墓葬器物组合、数量关系、位置关系之寓意的进一步佐证,与中国古代的相关文献尤其是传说资料也基本吻合。
Since the excavated jade carving jade plate and the tortoiseshell jade carved out of Ling Jietan Neolithic Tombs in Changgang Township, Hushan County, Anhui Province in 1987, many scholars have made in-depth and meticulous studies on the forms and sculptures of jade carvings. Its understanding of the ancient astronomical calendar and Yi-ology has basically formed a consensus in academia. However, studies and understandings have not fully revealed its scientific and cultural connotations or meanings. This paper argues that Jade Edition and Jade Tortoise are a conceived and elaborately designed and produced works that carry extremely rich cultural connotations, which may include Hetuoshu, Bagua 64 hexa, October Solar calendar, Ershibasu, X February twenty-four solar terms, nineteen years seven leap, sky round place, Beidou worship, winter solstice to sun adventures, etc., and such understanding and interpretations have been multidisciplinary, multi-angle support and evidence, have also been tombs The combination of artifacts, the quantitative relationship and the positional relationship between the moral evidence and further evidence, and ancient Chinese literature, especially the legend is also consistent.