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目的比较新型植物灭螺剂-螺威(TDS)与50%氯硝柳胺乙醇铵盐(WPN)两种灭螺药物的两种现场灭螺方法的效果。方法计算机检索CNKI、Wan Fang Data、VIP和CBM数据库,纳入比较TDS和WPN现场灭螺效果的研究,检索时限均为建库至2014年4月。两位研究者按纳入与排除标准独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究的方法学质量后,采用Rev Man 5.2软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入9个研究。Meta分析结果显示:使用浸杀法灭螺时,与WPN相比,TDS施药后1 d、3 d的钉螺死亡率无明显差异,7 d的钉螺死亡率较低[RR=0.96,95%CI(0.93,1.00),P=0.04]。使用喷洒法灭螺时,WPN与TDS施药后1 d、3 d、7 d、15 d后的钉螺死亡率以及15 d后的活螺密度均无显著性差异。GRADE系统评分结果显示,证据水平为中等或低级。结论与WPN相比,TDS达到了天然源杀螺剂现场评价的要求,对钉螺的杀灭效果较好,其存量较大且价格低廉,值得进一步推广。
OBJECTIVE To compare the efficacy of two on-site snail-killing treatments with two new molluscicidal agents, threonine (TDS) and 50% niclosamide ethanolammonium salt (WPN). Methods The databases of CNKI, Wan Fang Data, VIP and CBM were searched by computer and included in the study of snail-killing effects on TDS and WPN sites. The search period was from April to April 2014. Two investigators independently screened the literature by inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the quality of the methodology included in the study. Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.2 software. Results A total of 9 studies were included. Meta-analysis showed that compared with WPN, there was no significant difference in death rate of snails on day 1 and 3 after TDS application compared with WPN, and death rate on day 7 was lower (RR = 0.96, 95% CI (0.93, 1.00), P = 0.04]. There was no significant difference in oncomelania mortality after 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, and 15 d after WPN and TDS application as well as live lobe density after 15 d when the spraying method was used to kill snails. GRADE system scoring results show that the level of evidence for the medium or low level. Conclusion Compared with WPN, TDS has reached the requirement of on-site evaluation of natural source snail and has good killing effect on snail and its stock is large and its price is low, so it is worth further promotion.