如果人们考察一下欧洲科学哲学的晚近发展,立刻就会看到两种主要趋势很突出:第一种趋势,分成各种思潮或学派,它们相互之间在研究方法上的分歧比在基本观点上的分歧要大,这种趋势可以追溯到维也纳学派的哲学;另一种趋势,同样分成各种学派,是以胡塞尔的超验现象学为其出发点的。除了这些欧洲科学哲学的主流之外,还必须提到卡西列(E.Cassirer)、丁格勒(Hugo Dingler)、杜白雷尔(Eugène Dupréel)、丹姆普夫(Alois Dempf)、波斯(H.Pos)、德.汉恩(J.Bierens de Haan)、古斯陀夫 If one looks at the recent development of European philosophy of science, one immediately sees two major trends that stand out: the first is divided into a variety of schools of thought or school of thought that differ from one another in their research methods over basic ideas This trend can be traced back to the philosophy of the Vienna School. The other trend, also divided into various schools of thought, is based on Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology. In addition to the mainstream of these European philosophy of science, mention must also be made of E. Cassirer, Hugo Dingler, Eugène Dupréel, Alois Dempf, H.Pos, J.Bierens de Haan, Gustav