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流行性腮腺炎是一种较为常见的急性呼吸道传染病,近几年发病率出现明显的上升趋势。我国自2004年以来该病报告发病率波动在22.00/10万左右,2011及2012年报告发病率有了大幅上升,各省、市、区发病率存在较大差异。主要发病人群为15岁以下儿童;大多数省份发病曲线有两个高峰。全球腮腺炎疫苗的研制经历了灭活疫苗、减毒活疫苗及联合疫苗三个阶段,我国目前使用的主要是麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹三联疫苗,免疫程序为18月龄接种1剂次。芬兰、美国等国家实施2剂次免疫程序,免疫效果较好。针对目前我国流行性腮腺炎的发病情况建议实施2剂次的免疫程序。
Mumps is a relatively common acute respiratory disease, the incidence in recent years showed a clear upward trend. The incidence of this disease in our country fluctuated about 22.00 / 100 000 since 2004, the incidence of which in 2011 and 2012 have risen sharply, and there is a big difference in the incidence rates among provinces, cities and districts. The main affected population is children under 15 years of age; most provinces have two peak incidence curves. The mumps vaccine has undergone three stages of inactivated vaccine, live attenuated vaccine and combination vaccine. The main vaccine currently used in our country is measles-mumps-rubella triple vaccine, and the immunization program is vaccinated at 18 months of age. Finland, the United States and other countries to implement 2 doses of immunization program, the immune effect is better. For the current incidence of mumps in our country recommended the implementation of 2 doses of the immune program.