自人们发现场致发射现象以来,已经历了八十多个年头。六十年代以前,由于材料和工艺上的困难,这一物理现象未能真正付诸实际的应用。可是,它那室温工作、即时启动、高的电流密度、窄的电子初速分布等一系列独特的优点又一直吸引人们去研究它。六十年代中期,这种阴极成功地用于场致发射闪光X射线管(Fexitron)和场致发射电子束管(Febetro-n)。近年来,由于材料和工艺的进展,场致发射体又取得了一些可喜的结果。1980年欧洲真空器件会议、美国三军阴极会议以及国际电子器件会议上均有专门的评论。根据应用的目的不同,目前的研究工作主 Since people discovered the phenomenon of field emission, it has gone through more than 80 years. Before the 1960s, due to material and technological difficulties, this physical phenomenon was not really put into practical use. However, a series of unique advantages such as working at room temperature, instant start, high current density and narrow electron velocity distribution have always attracted people to study it. In the mid-1960s, such cathodes were successfully used for field-emission Fexitron and field emission electron-beam tubes (Febetro-n). In recent years, due to the progress of materials and processes, field emitters have made some encouraging results. The 1980 European Vacuum Devices Conference, the U.S. Armed Forces Cathode Conference and the International Electronic Devices Conference all have special comments. Depending on the purpose of the application, the current master of research work