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肝功能衰竭的主要发病机制是免疫损伤和失控性炎症反应。糖皮质激素具有强大的免疫抑制和抗炎作用，被认为可以用于治疗肝功能衰竭。然而，多项临床研究结果显示，肝功能衰竭患者应用糖皮质激素后未能有效改善预后，反而增加了感染机会而危及生命。可能与肝功能衰竭患者存在糖皮质激素抵抗有关。现以肝功能衰竭的失控性炎症反应为背景，分析P-糖蛋白逆转运糖皮质激素、细胞内糖皮质激素信号通路障碍以及相关基因突变导致的糖皮质激素抵抗及作用机制。以期评价肝功能衰竭患者糖皮质激素敏感性，为评估糖皮质激素疗效及用药时机提供理论依据。“,”The main pathogenesis of liver failure is immune damage and uncontrolled inflammatory response. Glucocorticoids have strong immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects, and are considered to be useful for the treatment of liver failure. However, the results of many clinical studies have shown that the application of glucocorticoids in patients with liver failure cannot effectively improve the prognosis, but instead increases the chance of infection and endangers life. Provided that, it seems reasonable to assume that glucocorticoid resistance exists in patients with liver failure. This article analyzes the mechanism by which P-glycoprotein reverses glucocorticoid transport, intracellular glucocorticoid signaling pathway dysfunction and related gene mutations when the inflammatory response is uncontrolled. In addition, we also evaluated the sensitivity of glucocorticoids in patients with liver failure, so as to provide theoretical basis for efficacy and medication timing.