毒扁豆硷(Pbysostigmine),又名依色林(Eserine),系自毒扁豆之成熟种子中提出的一种生物硷,極不稳定,临床上常用其水楊酸鹽或硫酸鹽,前者为我国药典所收載。水楊酸鹽微苦、無臭,为白色結晶或粉末,水溶液長期接触空气光線及痕跡量的金屬,能氧化而变成紅色,此种变色現象如在碱性溶液中則極为迅速,这是由于本品先水解成毒扁豆酚硷,再氧化而形成紅色依色林的結果。紅色依色林可能含有醌式結構,然非本品最后氧化产物。以上变化在弱酸性溶液中則較为緩慢,如同时有抗氧化剂焦亞硫酸鈉存在时,則溶液甚为稳定。本品極毒,各国药典在記載上都有明显之标註,因此在配制和应用上都应十分注意,以免發生意外。 Pbysostigmine, also known as Eserine, is a type of alkaloid that is very unstable from the mature seeds of venomous lentils and is commonly used clinically for its salicylates or sulphates, the former being our country Pharmacopoeia included. Salicylate slightly bitter, odorless, white crystals or powder, the aqueous solution of long-term exposure to air and traces of trace amounts of metal can be oxidized and turned red, such discoloration phenomenon as in alkaline solution is extremely rapid, which is Because this product is first hydrolyzed into toxic physostigmine, reoxidation and the formation of red according to the results of Lin. Red according to the color forest may contain quinone structure, but not the final oxidation product. The above changes in the weak acid solution is more slow, such as at the same time antioxidant sodium metabisulfite, the solution is very stable. This product is extremely toxic, the pharmacopoeias in all countries have obvious notes in the record, so in the preparation and application should be very careful to avoid accidents.