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自1960年第一部程控电话交换机问世以来,在这二十多年间,世界上程控电话交换机技术发展很快,迄今已发展到第三代。第一代,模拟程控电话交换机。早在五十年代就有人开始研究把电子元件应用到自动电话交换机,并称为“电子交换机”。但由于电子元件不过关和成本过高,一直未能获得理想的技术性能和推广使用的经济远景。直到1960年11月至1962年1月,美国贝尔电话实验室在莫里斯(Morris)设立的程控试验局测试成功,世界上第一部采用电子计算机的存储程序控制电话交换机问世以后,各国才开始积极研制和推广使用。英国在海格特伍德(Highgatewood)进行调幅时分交换机的试验是1962年,法国1964年对空分和时分交换机进行测试,其他一些国家都起步较晚,如日本、联邦德国、比利时等,比美国大约落后五年左右,多在1964、1965年开始研究。而美国在1965年就将贝尔系统的第一部完整的No.IESS样机投入使用。1970年以后,其他国家的一些制造厂家也都生产出了样机交付使用,见附表一。
Since the first program-controlled telephone exchange was first introduced in 1960, the program-controlled telephone exchange technology in the world has developed rapidly in the past two decades or so and has been developed to the third generation. The first generation, analog program-controlled telephone exchanges. As early as the fifties, people began to study the application of electronic components to automatic telephone exchanges, and called “electronic switches.” However, due to the fact that electronic components are not too expensive and costly, they have not been able to obtain the desired technical performance and economic prospects for promotion. Until November 1960 to January 1962, the Bell Labs in the United States was successfully tested by the program control trial office established in Morris. After the world’s first computer program-controlled telephone exchange was introduced, the countries started Actively develop and promote the use. The test of the time switch in the UK at Highgatewood was in 1962. France tested the air separation and time switch in 1964. Other countries started late, such as Japan, the Federal Republic of Germany, Belgium, etc. About five years later, more research began in 1964 and 1965. In the United States, in 1965, the first complete No.IESS prototype of the Bell system was put into use. After 1970, some manufacturers in other countries also produced prototypes for delivery. See Attached Table 1.