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本文提供了基于栅格数字高程模型（ＤＥＭ）提取流域空间结构，进行流域自动分割的技术方法。该方法包括地貌形态结构定义、流域结构定义和算法设计３个部分。基于本文设计的算法，可以从ＤＥＭ提取完整的汇流网络和分水线网络，两者组成的多边形集把流域分割成具有拓扑结构的多个子汇流区，这个子汇流区集作为存贮流域信息的基本地貌单元，是流域信息进入地学数据库的框架，也是进行空间分布式机理──过程流域分析模型的基础。并以山西离石黄土丘陵沟壑区的王家沟流域为试验区，获得了较为满意的结果。
This article provides a technical method for extracting watershed spatial structure based on raster digital elevation model (DEM) and automatic watershed segmentation. The method includes three parts: the definition of topographic structure, the definition of basin structure and the design of algorithm. Based on the algorithm designed in this paper, a complete network of convergence and dewatering can be extracted from the DEM. The two sets of polygon sets divide the river basin into several sub-convergence areas with topological structure. The sub-collection area serves as a storage area for information The basic landform unit is the framework of basin information entering geoscience database and also the basis for carrying out the spatial distributed mechanism - the process basin analysis model. Taking the Wangjiagou watershed in the loess hilly and gully region of Shanxi Province as the experimental area, the satisfactory results were obtained.