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斯宾诺莎对《圣经》的解释是西方《圣经》解释学的重要著作。他从哲学基本原理出发,将认识论看作《圣经》解释学的本质,强调了解释《圣经》方法与认识自然方法的一致性,从而对《圣经》解释做出了现代理性主义的改造。他关于《圣经》解释的历史主义原则、文本客观性原则、文本研究的语言学维度等,都为后来解释学的发展提供了借鉴。通过解释,他揭示了《圣经》的目的不是传播知识而是要人服从,并因而主张信仰和哲学分开,两者互不干涉,表明了资产阶级启蒙思想家摆脱宗教神学束缚、实现思想自由的时代要求。
Spinoza’s interpretation of the Bible is an important book in the Western Biblical hermeneutics. Starting from the basic philosophical principles, he regards epistemology as the essence of Biblical hermeneutics, emphasizes the consistency between the method of Biblical interpretation and the method of natural cognition, and thus makes the modern rationalist transformation of Bible interpretation. His historical principles, the principle of objective objectivity of the text, and the linguistic dimension of the textual study of the Bible provide references for the later development of hermeneutics. By way of explanation, he revealed that the purpose of the Bible was not to spread knowledge but obeying people’s demands, and therefore to advocate separation of belief and philosophy. The two did not interfere with each other, indicating that the bourgeois enlightenment thinkers were free from the shackles of religious theology and realized the era of freedom of thought Claim.