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不作为犯与作为犯的因果关系与价值追求存在本质的差异,不作为犯是例外但独立的归责类型,无须也不可能与作为犯“等价”。不作为犯的因果关系并不符合因果自然律,其中掺杂着作为义务等规范性要素,是人为逻辑建构的产物,且不作为犯中并不存在归因与归责的区分实益,所以不作为犯的归因阶段无独立存在之必要,假定的因果关系也可由“结果回避可能性”这一归责要素取代。其中,“结果回避可能性”中可能性的判断应当适用“风险提高理论”而非“可避免性理论”。同时,不作为犯是义务犯的一种,义务犯理论中的团结义务可以为作为义务来源提供实质的法理依据。
There is an essential difference between the causal relationship and the pursuit of value as a guilty of misdemeanor and guilty of guilty of misdemeanor. Guilty of misdemeanor is an exceptional but independent imputation type. The causation of omission does not accord with the natural law of causation, which is mixed with normative elements such as obligation, which is the product of the construction of human logic, and there is no distinction between attribution and imputation, As attribution stage of guilty, there is no need for independent existence. The assumed causal relationship can also be replaced by the imputation element of “likelihood of outcome avoidance”. Among them, the “possibility of avoiding the possibility of ” should judge the possibility of “risk-aversion theory ” rather than “avoidability theory ”. At the same time, omission is a kind of obligatory offense. The obligation of solidarity in the theory of obligation offense can provide substantive legal basis for the source of obligation.