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本文主要依据黑水城出土文书,以亦集乃路为例,结合传世文献,探讨元代地方粮仓的设置及其在基层社会中发挥的作用。亦集乃路粮仓中,监支纳、大使、副使等官职设于府仓——广积仓;仓官、保仓官、计厦人、看仓库人等职则广泛设置,分别属于杂职、差役、与军人。仓库官吏有两种任命方式,流官为省除,杂职以路吏充任。亦集乃路多设分仓,派仓官管领各仓。分仓的设置有两个层级,一是广积仓的直属分仓,如广积屯田仓、地税仓;一是设于地方与机构诸仓,如新附屯田军百户所仓、在城仓、玉朴仓、纳林仓等。粮仓不仅是屯积粮食的仓房,还是地方政府粮食征收与放支的机构,在地方社会中发挥着重要作用。
Based on the documents unearthed in Heishui City and the case of Yizhitai Road, this dissertation mainly discusses the setting of local granary in the Yuan Dynasty and its role in the grassroots society by combining the handed down documents. Also set Road Granary in the supervision of Anna, ambassadors, deputy and other officials located in the warehouse - wide plot positions; warehouse officials, security warehouses, accounting buildings, warehouse workers, etc. are widely set, respectively, are miscellaneous Staff, servants, and soldiers. There are two kinds of warehouse officials appointed way, flow officials to save, miscellaneous officials to fill officials. Is also set up more points set up sub-warehouse, warehouse management official positions of the warehouse. Sub-positions set up at two levels, one directly under the positions of a wide warehouse, such as wide plot Tuntian warehouse, the tax warehouse; First, located in the local agencies and institutions Zhuang, such as the new attached Tuntian army one hundred positions, in the city Warehouse, Yu Park warehouse, Nalin warehouse. Granary is not only the accumulation of grain storage, or the local government food collection and release agencies, plays an important role in local society.