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八路军、新四军军政委员会制度起源于中国共产党在红军部队中设立的组织领导体制和政治工作制度。抗日战争时期,中共依据抗日民族统一战线的政策观念和党对军队绝对领导的政治理念,在八路军、新四军等部队中普遍地设立了军政委员会。在抗日战争的实践中,中国共产党在八路军、新四军等部队恢复政治委员和政治部制度,逐步健全党在军队中的政治工作制度,军政委员会成为党在人民军队中的最高领导机关,并且曾经演变为党领导抗日根据地党政军民全面工作的最高组织机构。军政委员会制度实行党的集体领导与部队首长负责相结合的领导组织体制,为党领导人民军队开辟、建设抗日民主根据地提供了强力制度保障。
The Eighth Route and New Fourth Army military and political committees originated from the system of organizational leadership and political work established by the Chinese Communist Party in the Red Army. During the period of the Anti-Japanese War, based on the policy concepts of the anti-Japanese national united front and the party’s political philosophy of absolute leadership over the armed forces, the CPC has generally established military commissions among the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army. In the practice of the Anti-Japanese War, the Chinese Communist Party restored the political commissar and political department system in the Eighth Route Army and New Fourth Army and gradually perfected the party’s political work system in the army. The military and political committee became the supreme leading organ of the party in the people’s army and has evolved It is the supreme organization that the party leads the party, army and civilian work in an all-round manner in the Anti-Japanese Base Area. The establishment of a leading organization system in which the party’s collective leadership and the head of the armed forces are responsible for the integration of the military and political commissar system provides a strong system guarantee for the party’s leading army to open up and build an anti-Japanese democratic base.