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全球能源利用已经过两次大转换,现在面临着第三次能源大转换。前两次能源大转换的脉络很清楚,第一次从薪柴转换到煤炭;第二次从煤炭转换成石油天然气,第二次能源转换还包括电力的使用。第一次能源大转换经历了160多年,从第二次能源大转换开始到现在不过90年时间,两次能源大转换总共花了250年时间。头两次能源大转换都非常顺利,这是因为煤炭、石油、天然气的资源非常充足,后者足以替代前者,且能量密度后者都比前者高,后者在安全、稳定、清洁、经济都超过前者,能源技术的发展能够跟得上能源转换的需要。可是第三
Global energy utilization has gone through two major shifts and is now facing a third major energy conversion. The context of the first two major energy conversions is clear, with the first shift from fuelwood to coal, the second from coal to oil and gas, and the second energy conversion also includes the use of electricity. The first energy conversion took more than 160 years, from the second energy conversion began to now 90 years, a total of two energy conversion took a total of 250 years. The first two major energy conversions are very smooth, because coal, oil, natural gas resources are sufficient, the latter enough to replace the former, and the latter are higher energy density than the latter, the latter in a safe, stable, clean and economical More than the former, the development of energy technology can keep up with the need of energy conversion. But third