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高血压病分为原发性高血压和继发性高血压两类。前者病因尚未阐明;后者可由妊娠或服用某些药物而引起,也可作为某些疾病的一个症状而出现。人群中的高血压病例,原发性高血压约占95%,继发性高血压仅占5%左右。据世界卫生组织报告,世界上约8～18%的成年人血压在160/95mmHg 以上。我国高血压患病率比西方国家低,一般在3～9%之间。在军队中,高血压也是一种常见病和多发病。为了配合我军高血压病防治工作的开展,对近年来原发性高血压病因和预防的研究进展作一综述。
Hypertension is divided into two types of primary hypertension and secondary hypertension. The etiology of the former has not yet been elucidated; the latter can be caused by pregnancy or taking certain drugs, but also as a symptom of certain diseases. Hypertensive patients in the population, about 95% of essential hypertension, secondary hypertension is only about 5%. According to the World Health Organization, about 8 to 18% of adults in the world have blood pressure above 160 / 95mmHg. The prevalence of hypertension in our country is lower than that in western countries, generally between 3 and 9%. In the army, hypertension is also a common disease and frequently-occurring disease. In order to cooperate with the prevention and treatment of hypertension in our army, the research progress on the etiology and prevention of essential hypertension in recent years are reviewed.