简述了全息变间距光栅的几何理论.利用遗传算法对记录光路进行了优化计算,提出在目标函数中考虑记录参数误差的影响,推导了目标函数的积分形式,提高了计算效率.针对用于位移传感器的平面变间距光栅,分别计算了球面波干涉及球面波与非球面波干涉情况下的全息记录参数,给出了线密度误差曲线.制作出全息平面变间距光栅,并成功应用于位移传感器中. The geometric theory of holographic variable pitch grating is briefly introduced. The optical path of optical recording is optimized and calculated by using genetic algorithm. The influence of the error of recording parameter is considered in the objective function, the integral form of the objective function is deduced, and the computational efficiency is improved. The displacement of the sensor is changed from grating to grating, and the holographic parameters of spherical wave interference and spherical wave and aspherical wave are calculated respectively, and the curve of linear density error is given.The holographic planar variable pitch grating is fabricated and applied to the displacement Sensor.