The erythrocyte-like magnesium hydroxide microspheres were synthesized in large scale through a simple solution phase route. The structures and morphologies of the products were analyzed by the X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The possible growth mechanism of the nanostructure was discussed briefly and the potential application was proposed.