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换热管与管板接头是换热器中最容易发生失效的地方。换热管与管板连接接头的可靠性一直是管壳式换热器设计中受到重点关注的问题。目前常用的液压胀接技术是管壳式换热器换热管与管板连接技术的发展方向之一。换热管与管板接头胀接的研究主要从理论分析、有限元分析和试验研究三个方面进行。其理论分析的模型主要有换热管是单管,管板是无限平板模型和单管套筒模型。有限元分析模型主要有平面应力模型或平面应变模型、2D轴对称模型和3D模型。实验研究包括拉脱实验(压脱试验)、密封实验、应力腐蚀试验、X光衍射试验和应变测量等。通过这些试验来分析不同结构参数下胀接接头的连接强度和密封性能和胀后残余应力,并与理论分析的结果进行比较研究。
Heat exchange tube and tube plate joints are the most prone to failure in the heat exchanger. The reliability of the connection between the heat transfer tube and the tube plate has always been the focus of attention in the design of the shell and tube heat exchanger. At present, the commonly used hydraulic expansion technology is one of the development directions of the tube-and-tube heat exchanger tube and tube plate connection technology. The research of expansion joint between heat exchanger tube and tube plate joint mainly consists of theoretical analysis, finite element analysis and experimental research. The theoretical analysis of the model are mainly single tube heat exchange tube, tube plate is infinite plate model and single tube sleeve model. The finite element analysis model mainly includes plane stress model or plane strain model, 2D axisymmetric model and 3D model. Experimental studies include pull-off test (compression test), seal test, stress corrosion test, X-ray diffraction test and strain measurement. Through these tests, the connection strength, the sealing performance and the residual stress after the expansion joint under different structural parameters were analyzed, and the results were compared with the theoretical analysis.