目的:探讨七氟醚吸入诱导镇静复合臂丛阻滞麻醉在小儿上肢手术中的有效性和安全性,同时与传统的静脉全身麻醉进行对比。方法:观察治疗组40例患儿在使用七氟醚吸入诱导镇静复合臂丛阻滞麻醉前、后的平均动脉压、心率、呼吸、血氧饱和度的变化,与对照组进行比较。结果:治疗组患儿手术中血压、心率和呼吸较接近术前基础值,且术中波动较小,生命体征平稳。观察组患儿血压、心率和呼吸均较术前明显增加,且始终保持在较高水平,随麻醉深浅而有显著波动。治疗组患儿的生命体征较观察组稳定,能维持较长时间,苏醒快(P<0.05);术中和术后并发症较观察组少(P<0.05)。结论:七氟醚吸入诱导镇静复合臂丛阻滞麻醉在小儿上肢手术麻醉中更为合适。 Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of sevoflurane inhalation-induced sedation combined with brachial plexus block anesthesia in pediatric upper extremity surgery and to compare with traditional venous general anesthesia. Methods: The changes of mean arterial pressure, heart rate, respiration and oxygen saturation in 40 children in treatment group before and after sedation combined with brachial plexus block anesthesia induced by sevoflurane inhalation were compared with those in control group. Results: The blood pressure, heart rate and respiration of the children in the treatment group were relatively close to the preoperative values. The intraoperative fluctuations were small and the vital signs were stable. The observation group children with blood pressure, heart rate and breathing were significantly increased compared with preoperative, and always maintained at a high level, with the depth of anesthesia and significant fluctuations. The vital signs in the treatment group were more stable than those in the observation group, able to maintain a long time and wake up quickly (P <0.05). The intraoperative and postoperative complications were less than those in the observation group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Sevoflurane induced sedation combined with brachial plexus block anesthesia is more suitable for pediatric upper limb anesthesia.