长期以来，人们一直认为社会主义是共产主义的一个阶段———即其初级阶段；并认定此说是正宗的马克思主义理论。真是这样的吗？由于有了将近一个世纪的社会主义实践的经验，对此人们提出了一些新的看法。一、理论上长期存在的一个误会１、近年来已有学者指出，马克思并不曾提 For a long time, people always regarded socialism as a stage of communism --- its initial stage. They also considered it to be an authentic Marxist theory. Is that true? With some experience of socialist practice for nearly a century, some new ideas have been put forward. First, in theory, there is a long-term misunderstanding 1, in recent years, some scholars have pointed out that Marx did not mention