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目的通过对头颈部鳞癌(HNSCC)细胞系细胞分裂周期大体形态检测和分析,研究分裂中期多极分裂和分裂后期染色体桥现象是否存在于HNSCC,探讨二者在HNSCC存在的原因和相互关系,以及在促进肿瘤染色体发展变异过程中的重要作用。方法8个HNSCC细胞系和6例头颈部正常组织上皮细胞培养。收获细胞经苏木素和伊红染色,观察分裂中期细胞核形态,计算核多极分裂相细胞占分裂中期细胞百分率。分析分裂后期细胞形态,计算分裂后期染色体桥细胞占分裂后期细胞的百分率。二组数据行直线相关分析。肿瘤组与对照组数据平均值t检验。结果HNSCC细胞系多极核分裂像细胞平均占分裂中期细胞的11.53±4.54%,染色体桥现象细胞平均占分裂后期细胞的百分率为22.7±9.9%。两者之间呈显著的正相关,r=0.803,P<0.01。而正常对照组上皮细胞不表现或仅偶尔出现细胞中期多极分裂及分裂后期染色体桥现象,二者平均值分别为0.83±0.99%和1.60±1.42%。肿瘤组和对照组的两组数据平均值比较均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论HNSCC染色体端粒缺失造成双着丝粒及环状染色体形成,引起细胞分裂后期染色体桥现象,细胞不能正常分裂促使癌细胞中心体数目异常,导致分裂中期多极分裂,致使HNSCC染色体不稳定性,以及大量基因组失衡。
Objective To investigate the general morphology of cell cycle in squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and to analyze whether the chromosome segregation in metaphase metaphase and postmitotic metaphase exists in HNSCC and to explore the reason and relationship between the two in HNSCC, As well as in promoting the development of chromosome aberrations in the process of the important role. Methods Eight HNSCC cell lines and six normal head and neck epithelial cells were cultured. The harvested cells were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to observe the morphology of the nucleus at mid-metaphase and calculate the percentage of mid-metaphase cells in nucleolar multipolar cell. Analysis of post-division cell morphology, the late division of chromosome count of cells accounted for the percentage of late-split cells. Two sets of data line correlation analysis. Tumor test and control group data mean t test. Results The number of multipolar mitotic cells in HNSCC cells accounted for 11.53 ± 4.54% of the metaphase cells on average, and the percentage of chromosome bridged cells accounted for 22.7 ± 9.9% of the cells in late metaphase. There was a significant positive correlation between them, r = 0.803, P <0.01. The normal control group epithelial cells do not show or only occasional metaphase cell multipolar division and late chromosome split bridge phenomenon, the average value of the two were 0.83 ± 0.99% and 1.60 ± 1.42%. There was significant difference between the two groups in the tumor group and the control group (P <0.05). Conclusions The telomere loss of HNSCC leads to the formation of dicentric and circular chromosomes, resulting in chromosome segregation at the late stage of cell division. The abnormal cell division can promote the abnormal number of centrosomes in cancer cells, leading to multipolar division in metaphase, resulting in chromosomal instability of HNSCC , As well as a large number of genomic imbalances.