自从党的十五大提出将按劳分配同按生产要素分配结合起来，职上既是劳动者同时又可以是所有者以来，许多非上市公司纷纷试点经营者群体持股和职工持股，而作为现代企业制度的排头兵，绝大部分上市公司却没有职工股。一方面，公司员厂没有股份，另一方面，国家股东或发起人股东 Since the 15th National Congress of the Communist Party proposed to combine distribution according to work with distribution according to factors of production, both the laborers and the owners at the same time, many non-listed companies successively held shareholdings in the pilot groups and their shareholdings in workers. As a result, The vanguard of the modern enterprise system, the vast majority of listed companies did not have employee shares. On the one hand, the company has no shares of factory workers, on the other hand, the national shareholders or sponsor shareholders