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对于狂犬病,世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的暴露前免疫程序为:分别于0、7和28天肌肉注射1安瓿疫苗,或皮内注射0.1ml组织培养疫苗。目前对小剂量皮内免疫程序的可靠性知之甚少。以前的研究表明,小剂量皮内免疫程序在接种者中诱导的中和抗体应答水平较低,持续时间较短。因此,单独按WHO推荐的暴露后0和3天肌肉或皮内加强注射疫苗(不使用免疫球蛋白),能否预防所有狂犬病引起的死亡尚不能肯定。作者对此进行了评估。
For rabies, the pre-exposure immunization schedule recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) is intramuscular injection of 1 ampoule vaccine on days 0, 7 and 28, or intradermal injection of 0.1 ml tissue culture vaccine. Little is known about the reliability of low-dose intradermal immunization programs. Previous studies have shown that low-dose intradermal immunization programs induce a lower level of neutralizing antibody response in vaccinates, with a shorter duration. Therefore, it is uncertain whether any rabies-related death can be prevented by intensively injecting the vaccine (without immunoglobulin) intramuscularly or intradermally at 0 and 3 days following the WHO recommendation. The authors have evaluated this.