三至六世纪,中国所知南海以西诸国,史载约有40余国。从海道东端即中国方面看,由于分裂割据的局面和地理位置的原因,利用南海海道与西域交往的,主要是三国时孙吴、两晋和南朝即宋、齐、梁、陈各王朝。这一时期,由于各国航海水平的提高和造船技术的进步,海上交通的条件有了很大改善,中西间海上交通与交流比之两汉有所发展是以此为基础的。中国人虽然很早就从事航海活动,但秦汉以前文献上却缺乏早期海上交通条件的材料。魏晋南北朝时期,随着海上交通的发展,有关航海活动的材料也越来越多地见诸记载,当然这方面的材料非常零散。本文想在前人研究的基础上,撮举相关史料,对这一时期海上交通条件的变化略作探讨。 From the third to the sixth century, as far as China knows, all the countries south of the South China Sea have a history of about 40 countries. From the eastern end of the sea channel, that is, China, due to the separatist secession and geographical location, the use of the South China Sea Hokkaido to communicate with the Western Regions is mainly composed of the Sun Wu, the Jin Dynasties and the Southern Dynasties Song, Qi, Liang and Chen dynasties. During this period, due to the improvement of navigational standards and advances in shipbuilding technology in various countries, the conditions of maritime traffic have been greatly improved. The development of maritime traffic and communication between China and the West has been more developed than that of the Han and Han dynasties. Although Chinese people engaged in navigation activities for a long time, there was a lack of material for early maritime traffic conditions in the Qin and Han dynasties. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, with the development of maritime traffic, more and more materials about sailing activities were also recorded. Of course, the materials in this area are fragmented. Based on the previous studies, this paper summarizes relevant historical materials and makes a brief discussion on the changes of maritime traffic conditions during this period.