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目的调查舟山海岛地区不同饮食习惯居民的碘营养及甲状腺健康状况,及对全民加碘措施进行评价。方法按整群随机抽样法对舟山海岛渔民及普陀山僧侣进行流行病学问卷调查、甲状腺B超检查及尿碘、血清游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离甲状腺素(FT4)和超敏促甲状腺素(hTSH)水平检测,然后按性别年龄频数进行匹配,共计460人进行对比分析。结果海岛渔民与僧侣各230名的尿碘中位数(MUI)分别为185.0μg/L和286.8μg/L,饮食碘摄入分别为178.3μg/d和247.5μg/d,甲状腺B超占位率分别为35.6%和31.7%。两组间尿碘水平及饮食碘摄入差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),甲状腺B超占位率间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论本研究表明,海岛渔民及僧侣碘营养充足,甲状腺患病率较高,无差别的实施全民食盐加碘的措施有待于做进一步修订。
Objective To investigate iodine nutrition and thyroid health status of residents with different dietary habits in Zhoushan island area and to evaluate the measures of universal iodine. Methods According to the cluster sampling method, epidemiological survey was conducted on fishermen in Zhoushan Island and monks in Mount Putuo. Thyroid B-ultrasound and urinary iodine, serum free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) Sensitization of thyroxine (hTSH) levels, and then match by age-sex frequency, a total of 460 people for comparative analysis. Results The urinary iodine median (MUI) values of 230 island fishermen and monks were 185.0μg / L and 286.8μg / L, respectively. The intake of dietary iodine was 178.3μg / d and 247.5μg / d, respectively. The rates were 35.6% and 31.7% respectively. There were significant differences in urinary iodine levels and dietary iodine intake between the two groups (P <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion This study shows that island fishermen and monks have adequate iodine nutrition and high prevalence of thyroid gland. The measures of implementing universal salt iodization without further differentiation need to be further revised.