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北洋,是指自上海吴淞口为界,长江以北,包括江苏、山东、直隶等各口岸的地域概念。晚清时期的北洋大臣由直隶总督兼任,且北洋大臣驻地天津,所以,这个时期的北洋往往是指以天津为中心的直隶地区。自洋务运动起,北方工业多集中于直隶一带,故多用“北洋”冠以名称,北洋机器局便是如此,笔者所述也统指北洋机器局生产的五角银币。北洋机器局造五角银币仅仅有4个纪年,即光绪二十二年(1896年)、二十三年、二十四年、二十五年。袁世凯任直隶总督后复建的北洋银元总局自光绪二十八年(1902年)至宣统二年(1910年),历时9年并未铸造
Beiyang, refers to the area from Shanghai Wusongkou, north of the Yangtze River, including Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhili and other ports of the geographical concept. In the late Qing Dynasty, the Northern Exarch was chaired by the Governor of Zhili and the Northern Expedition was stationed in Tianjin. Therefore, the Northern Ocean during this period often referred to the Zhili region centered on Tianjin. Since the Westernization Movement, the northern industries are mostly concentrated in the area of Zhili. Therefore, the name “Beiyang” is often used in the name of Beiyang Machinery Bureau. The author also refers to the Pentagon Silver Coin produced by Beiyang Machinery Bureau. Beiyang Machinery made Pentagon silver only four years, that Guangxu Twenty-two years (1896), twenty-three years, twenty-four years, twenty-five years. Yuan Shih-kai Ren Zhili Viceroy Restoration Beiyang General Administration of Guangxu twenty-eight years (1902) to Xuantong two years (1910), which lasted nine years did not cast