在很多企业里,营销只能被误读或是被简化,很多情况下营销被很不幸的当成是广告或是“通过宣传单进行的销售”。事实上,营销远不是如此简单。简单地说来,营销包括货品采购,市场调查,品牌管理,渠道管理,授权,竞争者分析,产品培训资料,公关,设计,以及营销及商业计划的开发和实施,营销沟通,定价战略,产品管理以及代理公司管理等等。 In many businesses, marketing can only be misinterpreted or simplified, and in many cases marketing is unlucky as advertising or as sales through leaflets. In fact, marketing is far from simple. In a nutshell, marketing includes product development, marketing research, brand management, channel management, licensing, competitor analysis, product training materials, PR, design and development and implementation of marketing and business initiatives, marketing communications, pricing strategies, products Management and agency management and more.