对５例已经肌肉活检病理及生化检测证实的线粒体肌病患者的腓肠神经进行光镜及电镜观察，并用形态计量学方法对其进行了分析，结果发现大口径的有髓纤维减少，有髓纤维面数密度减小，有髓纤维轴索直径与纤维外直径之比增大，轴索变性，并可见轴索和雪旺细胞浆中有增多的异常线粒体 Five patients with mitochondrial myopathy confirmed by pathology and biochemical tests of muscle biopsy were observed by light microscopy and electron microscopy. Morphometry was used to analyze the sural nerve. The results showed that the diameter of large diameter myelinated fibers decreased, Decreased number of fiber surface density, the diameter of myelinated fiber axles and fiber diameter increased axial degeneration, and axonal and Schwann cell cytoplasm can be seen in an increased number of abnormal mitochondria