油茶是我国特有的木本食用油料树种,广泛分布于我国南方丘陵地区,具有较强的耐旱性。本文综述了干旱胁迫对油茶生长发育、生产、光合特性、内源激素含量和渗透调节物质的影响,总结了目前的抗旱应对措施,包括抗旱育种、抗旱栽培管理技术措施、茉莉酸甲酯和丛枝菌根真菌的应用,以期为油茶育种、育苗和生产栽培提供帮助。 Camellia oleifera is a peculiar woody edible oil species in our country, which is widely distributed in hilly areas of southern China and has strong drought tolerance. In this paper, the effects of drought stress on growth, production, photosynthetic characteristics, endogenous hormones and osmotic adjustment of Camellia oleifera were summarized, and the current drought response measures were summarized including drought resistance breeding, technical measures for drought management, methyl jasmonate Mycorrhizal fungi, with a view to help Camellia breeding, nursery and production cultivation.