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目的 探讨人左右心耳胶原纤维和弹性纤维的分布规律。方法 用石蜡切片 ,VanGison和Weight染色 ,光镜观察 10例成人左右心耳纤维网络构筑。 结果 心外膜的胶原纤维分为浅胶原层、亮层、深胶原层和网状层 ,其走向包括上下、左右、斜行和垂直 4种走向。心耳上缘的胶原比近冠状沟侧的少。心肌间的胶原纤维束分粗细两种 ,前者与心肌长轴一致 ,后者连于粗纤维束之间 ,缠绕心肌表面。心内膜的胶原纤维 1～ 4层不等 ,与心肌和心外膜的胶原纤维相互连续 ,使心耳各层连成一复杂的胶原网络。弹性纤维广泛地分布于心耳各层之间 ,与胶原纤维相互交织。结论 心外膜的纤维组合有利于防止心壁扩张和回弹 ;心肌的胶原网络可防止心肌在舒缩过程中细胞过渡拉长、滑脱或错位。弹性纤维能协同胶原更加增强心肌的回弹力
Objective To investigate the distribution of collagen fibers and elastic fibers in human left and right atrial appendages. Methods Paraffin sections, VanGison and Weight staining were used to observe the structures of 10 patients with cardiac fibrillation around the heart. Results The epicardial collagen fibers were divided into shallow collagen layer, bright layer, deep collagen layer and reticular layer, including the up and down, left and right, oblique and vertical four kinds of trends. Collagen on the upper edge of the atrial appendage less coronal ditch than the side. Myocardial collagen fibers between the two sub-beam thickness, the former consistent with the long axis of the myocardium, the latter even between the crude fiber bundle, winding the surface of the myocardium. Endocardial collagen fibers ranging from 1 to 4, and myocardial and epicardial collagen fibers are continuous with each other, so that the layers of the heart and ears into a complex network of collagen. Elastic fibers are widely distributed between the layers of the auricle and intertwined with collagen fibers. Conclusion The epicardial fiber combination is conducive to prevent the expansion of the heart wall and rebound; myocardial collagen network can prevent the contraction of the myocardial cells in the process of contraction stretch, slippage or dislocation. Elastic fibers can enhance the resilience of the myocardium in cooperation with collagen