1972年,为增强苏联海军的远洋作战能力,涅瓦设计局在1972年提出了由米格-23A战斗机、苏-24K轰炸机和P-42反潜机等舰载作战飞机组成的航母设计方案,计划采用弹射器。当然,航母的常规起降方式对于苏联海军来说是一个十分陌生的领域,所需的各项新技术需要尽早通过地面设施来进行飞行试验和模拟训练。1976年,当1153计划(拟建造一艘8万吨、搭载70架战机的重型航母)刚刚启动不久,苏联就在克里米亚半岛的诺沃菲奥多罗夫卡空军基地着手建立一个研究、发展和训练中心 In 1972, in order to enhance the naval capability of the Soviet navy, the Neva Design Bureau proposed in 1972 a carrier aircraft design consisting of carrier-based combat aircraft such as MiG-23A, Su-24K bomber and P-42 anti-submarine aircraft. It is planned to adopt Catapult. Of course, the carrier’s conventional take-off and landing approach is a very strange area for the Soviet navy, and all the new technologies required require early flight testing and simulation training through ground-based facilities. In 1976, soon after the 1153 (planned to build a 80,000-ton, heavy aircraft carrier carrying 70 warplanes) was launched, the Soviet Union set about to establish a study on the Moldovanodorovka Air Base in the Crimean Peninsula Development and Training Center