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当前关于农村社会稳定问题的几种研究视角要么强调了农民上访的政治性,要么突出了人的能动性,而忽视了导致农村社会不稳定的结构性条件,带有很强的唯意志论和目的论色彩,不能很好的解释当下的农村社会稳定问题。而费孝通多年前曾经使用过的“双轨政治”视角有助于我们更好地透视当下农村社会不稳定因素存在的客观原因及作为改进的基本参考依据。在这一分析框架下,要构建农村社会的稳定系统,可以从以下几个方面着手:扩大基层民主,实行地方自治;减少地方政府层级;加强新闻和舆论监督;强化基层人大代表的职责。
Several current research perspectives on social stability in rural areas either emphasize the political nature of petitions for the peasants or they emphasize the initiative of people while neglecting the structural conditions that lead to the instability of rural society with a strong volition and purpose On the color, can not well explain the current social stability in rural areas. The perspective of “double-track politics” used by Fei Xiaotong many years ago helps us to better understand the objective reasons for the present instability in rural areas and to provide a basic reference for improvement. Under this framework, to build a stable system of rural society, we can start from the following aspects: expanding grassroots democracy, implementing local autonomy; reducing local government levels; strengthening public information and public opinion supervision; and strengthening the responsibilities of grassroots people’s deputies.