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用漫反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(DRIFTS)、哈里蒙德单泡管和微电泳技术研究了戊基钾黄药在细粒方铅矿表面发生吸附一解吸的化学反应。用棒磨机(以不锈钢和铁作为磨矿介质)控制磨矿条件(pH4.6～12.5),对矿物进行干式或湿式磨矿。试验用HCl、NaOH、CaO作为pH调整剂。在酸性条件下磨矿,方铅矿表面上PbS_2O_3量较少,其量随pH升高而增大。在碱性介质中,方铅矿表面被碱性碳酸铅和PbS_2O_3罩盖。用铁作为磨矿介质,在自然pH值下磨矿,方铅矿表面将形成PbS_2O_3和氢氧化铁。研究还发现了戊基黄药吸附—解吸的两个过程:在第一阶段,形成了混合物界面层,即在低浓度或亚单原子层水平时,界面层为1∶1配位的黄原酸铅和双黄药。在高浓度时,界面层由非化学计量的黄原酸铅、戊基双黄药以及戊基碳酸盐二硫化物组成。在第二阶段,主要形成双黄药,但黄药浓度高时,还会生成1∶2配位比的黄原酸铅。发生第二阶段吸附时,不用起泡剂即可浮选,Z电位会急剧下降。
The chemical reactions of desorption of desorption of pentyl potassium xanthate on the surface of fine galena were studied by using diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS), Hammond single bubble tube and microelectrophoresis. Grinding conditions (pH 4.6 to 12.5) were controlled with a rod mill (using stainless steel and iron as grinding media) to dry or wet the mineral. Test with HCl, NaOH, CaO as a pH regulator. Grinding in acidic condition, the amount of PbS_2O_3 on the surface of galena is small, the amount increases with the increase of pH. In alkaline media, the galena surface is covered by alkaline lead carbonate and PbS_2O_3. With iron as the grinding medium, ground at a natural pH value, the surface of galena will form PbS_2O_3 and iron hydroxide. The study also found two processes for the adsorption-desorption of amyl xanthate. In the first phase, a mixture interface layer was formed, that is, at a low concentration or sub-monoatomic level, the interface layer was a 1: 1 coordinated yellow Lead and double xanthate. At high concentrations, the interfacial layer consists of non-stoichiometric lead xanthate, pentyl xyanthogen, and pentyl carbonate disulfide. In the second stage, the main formation of double xanthate, but the high concentration of xanthate, it will generate a 1: 2 ratio of lead xanthate. Occurrence of the second stage adsorption, flotation without foaming agent, Z potential will drop sharply.