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本研究利用微卫星标记(SSR)技术对黑龙江省小麦品种的遗传多样性进行了分析。12对具有多态性的SSR引物在114份小麦品种中共检测到46个等位位点,每对引物检测到的等位位点数为3~8个,平均为3.8个,平均遗传距离为0.7331。不同育种单位的小麦平均遗传距离有较大差异,最大差距为1.30倍。在对不同年代小麦品种的遗传距离分析时发现,随年代的增加,遗传距离逐渐减小,且衰减速度呈加快趋势。聚类分析将114个春小麦品种大致分为3个类群,9个亚类群,较好地反映了品种之间的亲缘关系。
In this study, the genetic diversity of wheat cultivars in Heilongjiang Province was analyzed using microsatellite markers (SSR). Twelve pairs of polymorphic SSR primers detected 46 alleles in 114 wheat cultivars. The number of alleles detected per primer pair was 3 to 8 with an average of 3.8 and the average genetic distance was 0.7331 . The average genetic distance of wheat in different breeding units is quite different, the biggest difference is 1.30 times. When analyzing the genetic distance of different wheat varieties in different years, we found that with the increase of the age, the genetic distance decreased gradually and the decay rate accelerated. Cluster analysis divides 114 spring wheat varieties into three groups and nine sub-groups, which can well reflect the genetic relationship among varieties.